Non aqueous titrations theory non aqueous titrations is the most titrimetric procedure used in pharmacopoeial assays and serves a double purpose, as it suitable for the titration of weak acids and bases and provides a solvent in which organic compounds are soluble. Development and validation of alternative methods by non aqueous acid base titration and derivative ultraviolet spectrophotometry for quantification of sildenafil in raw material and tablets. In most cases this is virtually identical to the inflection point of the titration curve, for example with titration curves obtained from acid base titrations. Dissolve a quantity of the substance being examined to give an expected titration volume of between 7090% of the burette volume, in 50 ml of dehydrated ethanol r and 5. Nonaqueous titration is the titration of substances dissolved in solvents other than water. This procedure is a very important one in pharmacopoeial assays. The quantitation method of silc active pharmaceutical ingredient by non aqueous acid base titration was developed using methanol as solvent and 0. This is theory is applicable to acid and bases in non aqueous media. Nonaqueous titration nonaqueous titration is the titration of substances dissolved in nonaqueous solvents.
Clotrimazole titration in acetic acid using the ph sensor dgi1sc important pharmaceuticals such as clotrimazole have to be titrated directly in non aqueous solvents due to their low acidic strength. Non aqueous acid base titration free download as word doc. Nonaqueous acidbase titrations the first change from violet to blue, in the titration of strong organic bases the change is from blue to green and in the titration of weaker bases the change is from bluish green to greenish yellow. Development and validation of alternative methods by non. Beckett pharmaceutical chemistry laboratories of the school of pharmacy, chelsea polytechnic, london, s. Pdf development and validation of alternative methods by. University of mysore, manasagangotri, mysore570006, india. Acidbase titrations in nonaqueous solvents and solvent. Therefore titration in non aqueous solutions enables acid base electrolyte inter actions to be used for analytical purposes, which are characterised by higher values of pk than in aqueous solutions. The moisture content in nonaqueous titrations should not be more than 0. Since many drugs are waterinsoluble and slightly acidic or basic, they are analyzed by nonaqueous titrations.
It is helpful to detect the end point of the sample that is present in the mixture. They are similar to the above types of acid base reactions. Acid base characteristics of petroleum asphaltenes as studied by non aqueous potentiometric titrations p. Acid will tend to donate a proton, base will accept a proton. An international journal of pharmaceutical science on deepdyve, the largest online rental service for scholarly research with thousands of academic publications available at your fingertips. Request pdf acidbase titrations in nonaqueous solvents and solvent mixtures the acidbase determination of different substances by nonaqueous. Nonaqueous titrations theory nonaqueous titrations is the most titrimetric procedure used in pharmacopoeial assays and serves a double purpose, as it suitable for the titration of weak acids and bases and provides a solvent in which organic compounds are soluble. The organic acids and bases that are insoluble in water or in aqueous media are readily analysed by the nonaqueous titrations. All these demand a rapid and accurate method for the determination of the trace hydrofluoric acid in a nonaqueous solution. Visual indicator are formed to the most suitable for the detection of end point in nonaqueous titration. The acidbase reactions in nonaqueous solvents are typically described by means of the solventsystem definition, although the regular bronstedlowry theory may be applied for the protic solvents, which possess a hydrogen atom that can dissociate. Determination of trace amounts of hydrofluoric acid in non. It is the most common titrimetric procedure used in. Acidbase characteristics of the nonaqueous solvents affect the endpoint in the nonaqueous titration.
A free powerpoint ppt presentation displayed as a flash slide show on id. Ephedrine preparations, codeine phosphate in apc, tetracycline, teramycin. Non aqueous titrations pdf different types of nonaqueous titrations and complete bibliographies on. Thermometric titrations in non aqueous media have a distinct advantage over the analogous aqueous system since all non aqueous systems have a lower specific heat than the corresponding aqueous system. Acidbase aqueous acidbase nonaqueous redox precipitation e. An acid base titration is an experimental procedure used to determined the unknown concentration of an acid or base by precisely neutralizing it with an acid or base of known concentration. Non aqueous acid base titrations the first change from violet to blue, in the titration of strong organic bases the change is from blue to green and in the titration of weaker bases the change is from bluish green to greenish yellow.
This slide will help the students to make their presentation. Introduction an understanding of the properties of acids and bases is an essential part of understanding chemical reactions see tro, pp 167171. Global health with greg martin recommended for you. Thermometric titrations in nonaqueous media have a distinct advantage over the analogous aqueous system since all nonaqueous systems have a lower specific heat than the corresponding aqueous system. Non aqueous titration 201701 page 1 of 2 the international pharmacopoeia ninth edition. Limitation of aqueous acid base titration titration of weak acids or bases in aqueous solution give poor end points many substances are insoluble in water. Non aqueous titration definition, theory, and types of non.
The acid base determination of different substances by non aqueous titrations is highly preferred in pharmaceutical analyses since the method is quantitative, exact and well reproducible. Nonaqueous titration is the titration of substances dissolved in nonaqueous solvents. It should be recognized that certain indicators in common use crystal violet, for example undergo a series of colour changes and, in establishing a nonaqueous titration method for a particular use, care should be taken to ensure that the colour change specified as the endpoint of the titration corresponds to the maximum value of dedv. Non aqueous acid base titration acid acid dissociation constant. Sep 11, 2017 visual indicator are formed to the most suitable for the detection of end point in nonaqueous titration. Nonaqueous titration susbance which can not be titrated satisfactorily either by acidimetry or alkalimetry in aqueous solution are titrated by nonaqueous solvents and called as nonaqueous titration.
It should be recognized that certain indicators in common use crystal violet, for example undergo a series of colour changes and, in establishing a non aqueous titration method for a particular use, care should be taken to ensure that the colour change specified as the endpoint of the titration corresponds to the maximum value of dedv. Determination of tramadol hydrochloride and its preparations. High frequency titrations of some substituted anilines in glacial acetic acid. Non aqueous titration definition, theory, and types of. Although acidbase properties have been investigated most thoroughly in aqueous solutions, partly because of their practical importance, water is in many respects an abnormal solvent.
Note, because of the common ion effect, if hcl is dissolved in acetic acid, the extent of ionization is less than in water and hcl acts as a weak acid. Holland analytical and information division, exxon research and engineering co. The indicator used in acidbase titration is called as acidbase indicator. Determination of atenolol and its preparations by acidbase titration in nonaqueous medium prashanth k. Acidbase titrations in nonaqueous solvents analytical. This solvent are chemically inert and they work as a catalyst. Especially the titrations of brransted acids and bases have been the subject of numerous. The nonaqueous titration of bronsted acids and bases, a subject which has become. Lithium chloride in non aqueous potentiometric titrations received 26 march 1960 instrument instability is often a problem iu the use of non aqueous solvents in potentiometric measurements or titrations. Nonaqueous titrations have the following advantages organic acids and bases that are insoluble in water are soluble in non aqueous. The biological ingredients of the sample are selectively titrated by the nonaqueous titrations.
Different types of nonaqueous titrations and complete bibliographies on. At present, the traditional acidbase titration and potentiometric titration are generally used to determine hydrofluoric acid 10,11. The quantitation method of silc active pharmaceutical ingredient by nonaqueous acidbase titration was developed using methanol as solvent and 0. These are conventional methods of non aqueous titration. It is the most common titrimetric procedure used in pharmacopoeial assays and serves a double purpose. Development and validation of alternative methods by nonaqueous. Since many drugs are waterinsoluble and slightly acidic or basic, they are analyzed by non aqueous titrations. Determination of fluconazole in bulk durg and its solid.
Using this standardized solution, you will determine the acid neutralizing power of a commercially available antacid tablet. Base titrations in pharmaceutical analysis, journal of pharmacy and pharmacology. The theory of conductimetric acidbase titrations in non. In accordance with the requirements of the european approved drugs list and usp, pure acetic acid is used as the solvent and per. These are conventional methods of nonaqueous titration. Acidbase reaction acidbase reaction nonaqueous solvents. This lets us quantitatively analyze the concentration of the unknown solution. These solvents are used in chemical research and industry for. There are several assay reactions which are used in titration. Determination of tramadol hydrochloride and its preparations by acidbase titration in nonaqueous medium. Non aqueous titrations, basic concepts, bronsted lowry concept, lweis concept, why non aqueous titration is used. Preconditioning is important in both non aqueous and aqueous titration as shown below. Clotrimazole titration in acetic acid using the ph sensor dgi1sc important pharmaceuticals such as clotrimazole have to be titrated directly in nonaqueous solvents due to their low acidic strength. Acidbase titrations in nonaqueous solvents and solvent mixtures.
Aprotic solvent are most important solvent in this titration. A non aqueous acid base titration involves the titration by neutralization of either acid or base by their opposite entities in a non aqueous medium. Therefore titration in nonaqueous solutions enables acidbase electrolyte inter actions to be used for analytical purposes, which are characterised by higher values of pk than in aqueous solutions. Lithium chloride in nonaqueous potentiometric titrations. Nonaqueous titration 201701 page 1 of 2 the international pharmacopoeia ninth edition. Non aqueous titration refers to a type of titration in which the analyte substance is dissolved in a solvent which does not contain water. Lithium chloride in nonaqueous potentiometric titrations received 26 march 1960 instrument instability is often a problem iu the use of nonaqueous solvents in potentiometric measurements or. Nonaqueous titrimetric assay for determination of loratadine.
These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days. The modern interpretation of the reactions in nonaqueous solvents started in the last century, but several inconsistencies and unsolved problems can be found in the literature. The need for non aqueous titration arises because water can behave as a weak base and a weak acid as well, and can hence compete in proton acceptance or proton donation with other weak acids and bases dissolved in it. In type of titration the point is identified where analyte and reagent are present in equivalent amounts.
Ppt nonaqueous titration powerpoint presentation free to. The acidbase determination of different substances by nonaqueous titrations is highly preferred in pharmaceutical analyses since the method is quantitative, exact, and reproducible. The acidbase determination of different substances by nonaqueous titrations is highly preferred in pharmaceutical analyses since the method is quantitative, exact and well reproducible. T he d etermination of a lkali m etal s alts of a liphatic and a romatic a cids a. A cibadye, blue bzl, which has a colour change from blue to red at. Learn about the ttest, the chi square test, the p value and more duration. Formulations by acidbase titration in nonaqueous medium vamsi krishna penmatsa and basavaiah kanakapura department of chemistry, university of mysuru, manasagangotri, 570006 mysuru, karnataka, india abstract background. The technique is not confined solely to acid base systems. Development and validation of alternative methods by nonaqueous acidbase titration and derivative ultraviolet spectrophotometry for quantification of sildenafil in raw material and tablets. Acid base characteristics of the non aqueous solvents affect the endpoint in the non aqueous titration.
They are similar to the above types of acidbase reactions. Nonaqueous solvents that are good proton acceptors e. In particular, it has a higher dielectric constant a measure of the ability of the medium to reduce the force between two electric charges. The important indicator used for nonaqueous titration are follow.
Acid base titration of ibuprofen in tablets ibuprofen is an organic compound its chemical name is rs242methylpropylphenylpropionic acid widely used as nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug applied in fever, arthritis, and as pain reliever. In the titration of weak base or acids, the addition of highly acidic or basic solvents increases the acidity or basicity and that increases the consumption of the titrant. Acidbase characteristics of petroleum asphaltenes as studied. An inorganic nonaqueous solvent is a solvent other than water, that is not an organic compound. Determination of atenolol and its preparations by acid base titration in non aqueous medium prashanth k.
130 251 1294 952 656 608 680 1212 692 425 1324 898 126 190 1361 892 1540 92 777 287 1652 516 56 446 939 679 1354 526 196 1006 241 1309